Gonorrhoea

What exactly is gonorrhoea?

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a bacterium called Neisseria gonorrhoeae. You can contract gonorrhoea through sexual contact with someone who carries the bacterium. It can infect the mucous membranes of the penis, vagina, anus, throat or eyes.

How does gonorrhoea usually progress?

Gonorrhoea usually begins with an infection following unprotected sexual contact. Sometimes you do not notice anything, but the bacterium can still spread. Without treatment, gonorrhoea can lead to complications, such as inflammation of the genital organs or infertility. With appropriate treatment, it can usually be cured effectively.

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Some people do not experience any symptoms at all. When symptoms do occur, men may experience a burning sensation when urinating and pus-like discharge from the penis. Women may experience increased or changed vaginal discharge, pain when urinating or abdominal pain. Gonorrhoea can also occur in the throat or anus, often without obvious symptoms.

What are the typical symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Typical symptoms include pain or a burning sensation when urinating, unusual discharge from the penis or vagina, and sometimes lower abdominal pain. With an anal infection, you may experience itching, pain or discharge. Throat infections usually cause no symptoms, but a sore throat can sometimes occur.

How can you contract gonorrhoea?

You can contract gonorrhoea through sexual contact with someone who carries the bacterium. This can occur through vaginal, anal or oral sex. The bacterium can also be transmitted through sex toys if they are not cleaned properly.

How common is gonorrhoea?

Gonorrhoea is one of the most common STIs in the Netherlands. Thousands of new cases are reported every year. It is particularly common among young people and people with multiple or changing sexual partners.

Are there specific risk groups for gonorrhoea?

Yes. People who have unprotected sex with multiple or changing partners have a higher risk. Men who have sex with men and people who have another STI are also considered higher-risk groups.

How can you prevent gonorrhoea?

You can reduce the risk of infection by always using a condom during sex, including oral sex. Make sure sex toys are cleaned properly or use a new condom on the toy each time it is used.

Which hygiene or behavioural measures reduce the risk?

Always use a condom and wash your hands after sexual contact. Do not share sex toys without cleaning them properly first. Get tested regularly if you have multiple or changing sexual partners.

How can you prevent further transmission if you already have gonorrhoea?

If you know that you have gonorrhoea, it is important to avoid sexual contact until you have completed treatment and your doctor has confirmed that you are no longer infectious. Inform your sexual partners so that they can also get tested and treated.

Can gonorrhoea be treated, and if so, how?

Yes, gonorrhoea can be treated effectively with antibiotics. Treatment usually involves an injection or a course of tablets. It is important to complete the prescribed treatment, even if your symptoms disappear quickly. Follow-up testing may be recommended after treatment to confirm that the infection has cleared.

This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice from a doctor. If your symptoms persist or you are concerned, always contact your doctor.