In short
- AST (aspartate aminotransferase) is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles and other body tissues.
- An elevated AST level may indicate damage to liver cells or muscle tissue, but does not reveal the underlying cause on its own.
- Abnormal AST levels usually do not cause symptoms directly and are often discovered during a blood test.
- An elevated level can have various causes, such as intense exercise, medication, alcohol consumption, or a liver or muscle condition.
- An AST test can provide insight into possible damage to the liver or other tissues.
- The result of an AST test is almost always assessed together with other liver markers, such as ALT, gamma-GT and bilirubin.
- Measuring AST can help further investigate the cause of abnormal liver values or unexplained health symptoms.
- Would you like more insight into your liver health? An AST test can be a valuable addition to other blood tests.
What is AST and what does this level say about your liver?
AST stands for Aspartate Aminotransferase. It is an enzyme, a type of protein, that is found mainly in your liver, but also in your heart, muscles and kidneys. An AST blood test is often performed to assess your liver health. When liver cells are damaged, AST is released into your blood. An elevated AST level may therefore indicate a liver problem, although it can also be related to other organs.
What does a high or low AST level mean?
A high AST level usually means that cells somewhere in your body have been damaged, causing AST to be released into your blood. This is often related to liver problems but can sometimes also be caused by damage to the heart or muscles. A low AST level is uncommon and usually has no medical significance.
What symptoms can indicate an abnormal AST level?
Symptoms that may be associated with an abnormal AST level include fatigue, yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, pain in the upper right side of your abdomen or nausea. Sometimes there are no symptoms at all, and an abnormal level is discovered by chance during a blood test.
What can cause AST levels to increase or decrease?
AST levels can be elevated due to liver diseases (such as hepatitis or fatty liver disease), heart problems (such as a heart attack), muscle disorders or intense exercise. Certain medications and alcohol consumption can also increase AST levels. A low AST level is uncommon and usually not considered important.
What conditions can cause an abnormal AST level?
Conditions that can cause an elevated AST level include inflammation of the liver, liver cirrhosis, excessive alcohol consumption, heart attack, muscle disorders or serious injuries. Low AST levels are rarely seen and usually have no clear cause or consequences.
When should you consider having your AST tested?
It may be advisable to have your AST tested if you have symptoms that could indicate liver problems, such as jaundice, unexplained fatigue or abdominal pain. AST is also often tested in people who use medications that may affect the liver or who have risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption.
How is AST measured and how should you interpret the result?
AST is measured with a blood test. The result indicates how much AST is present in your blood. If your AST level is above the normal reference range, this may indicate damage to your liver or other organs. Your doctor will consider your symptoms and other blood test results when determining what the result means for you.
How can an abnormal AST level be improved?
To improve an abnormal AST level, it is important to address the underlying cause. This may include stopping alcohol consumption, eating a healthier diet, adjusting medication (in consultation with your doctor), or treating an underlying condition. Rest may sometimes be important, for example after intense exercise or a muscle injury. Always discuss the most appropriate approach with your doctor.
This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice from a doctor. If your symptoms persist or you are concerned, always contact your doctor.
